概要： ※ 动名词作定语只表示被修饰词的用途，不定式作定语通常表示未来的动作或含情态意味，现在分词作定语表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态，过去分词表示已经完成的动作或无时间性的行为。 This is a sleeping car . (动名词作定语表示用途，它可转换为：This is a car for sleeping . ) A sleeping child is in the room . (现在分词的主动形式作定语表示一个正在进行的动作，它可转换成：A child who is sleeping is in the room . ) The bike being repaired now is mine . (现在分词的被动形式，表示正在进行的动作，它可转换成：The bike which is being repaired now is mine . ) I\'m not sure which is the road leading to the hospital . (现在分词短语不表示正在进行的动作而表
高二英语第二十一单元Music （音乐）,标签：高二英语选修7教案,高二英语下册教案,http://www.67jx.com※ 动名词作定语只表示被修饰词的用途，不定式作定语通常表示未来的动作或含情态意味，现在分词作定语表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态，过去分词表示已经完成的动作或无时间性的行为。
This is a sleeping car . (动名词作定语表示用途，它可转换为：This is a car for sleeping . )
A sleeping child is in the room . (现在分词的主动形式作定语表示一个正在进行的动作，它可转换成：A child who is sleeping is in the room . )
The bike being repaired now is mine . (现在分词的被动形式，表示正在进行的动作，它可转换成：The bike which is being repaired now is mine . )
I\'m not sure which is the road leading to the hospital . (现在分词短语不表示正在进行的动作而表示存在的状态，它可转换成：I\'m not sure which is the road that leads to the hospital . )
The fallen leaves . (过去分词表示一个完成的动作，The leaves that have fallen . )
I have two letters to write . (不定式表示将来的动作)
※ 不定式作定语，一般只能放在被修饰词之后，分词作定语即可放在被修饰词之前，也可以放在被修饰词之后；通常单个的词放前，短语放在后，现在分词的被动形式放后。例如：
I have a friend living in London . (短语)
China belongs to the developing country . (单个的词)
The building being built now is a hospital . (现在分词的被动式)
The man dressed in a new suit is our manager . (短语)
Only by practice will you be able to improve your spoken English . (单个的词)
Mary needs a dictionary to refer to . (不定式)
※ 分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。若被修饰的名词与分词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，即被修饰的名词是动作的执行者，则用现在分词，若是被动关系，即被修饰的名词是动作的承受者，可用现在分词的被动式或过去分词。它们俩主要从时间上区别，现在分词被动式表示正在进行的动作；过去分词表示完成的动作或无时间性，只表被动关系。例如：
There is a river running around our school . (主动关系)
The watch being repaired now is hers . (被动关系，正在进行的动作)
He is an English teacher liked by all his students . (表被动关系)
Japan is a developed country . (表完成，表被动)
※ 心理反应状态动词，如：excite , fright , move , tire , interest , puzzle , disappoint 等，同现在分词作定语，表示“令人……”，被修饰的词通常是物，用过去分词作定语，被修饰的词通常是人。例如：
What disappointing news it is!
Don\'t make fun of the frightened child .
注意：puzzling expression “令人迷惑的表情”；puzzled expression (本身)迷惑的表情。
※ 下列情况下常用不定式作定语。
1 . 在被修饰的词前有形容词最高级、序数词以及 the last , the only , the next 等后作定语的时候，只能用不定式作定语。例如：
He is always the first to come .
The next man to come was Tom .
This is the largest ship to be serving as a seaside hotel in our country .
2 . have +宾语的句型中，常用不定式作定语。例如：
I have a lot of questions to ask .
He has nothing to worry about .
3 . 在 way , pleasure , chance , plan 等名词后常用不定式或 of +动名词，但在 ability , failure , promise 后只能用不定式。例如：
I had no chance to speak (或 of speaking) to him .
His failure to pass the exam surprised us .
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